Vaillants

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مدينى

la Cité

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In regards to the wrong means of living, which the Islamic Law has disapproved, their detailed similitudes are legally set forward in the Prophetic Traditions and have been elaborated by the Islamic Jurists in their books, in the manner ordained by the Holy Quran,

2:188

وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَكُم بَيْنَكُم بِالْبَاطِلِ وَتُدْلُوا بِهَا إِلَى الْحُكَّامِ لِتَأْكُلُوا فَرِيقًا مِّنْ أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ بِالْإِثْمِ وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ

Do not usurp one another’s possessions by false means, nor proffer your possessions to the authorities so that you may sinfully and knowingly usurp a portion of another’s possessions.

2:283

فَإِنْ أَمِنَ بَعْضُكُم بَعْضًا فَلْيُؤَدِّ الَّذِي اؤْتُمِنَ أَمَانَتَهُ وَلْيَتَّقِ اللَّهَ رَبَّهُ ۗ وَلَا تَكْتُمُوا الشَّهَادَةَ ۚ وَمَن يَكْتُمْهَا فَإِنَّهُ آثِمٌ قَلْبُهُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ

However if any of you trusts another, let him who is trusted, honour the trust and fear Allah his Lord.

3:161

وَمَن يَغْلُلْ يَأْتِ بِمَا غَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ۚ ثُمَّ تُوَفَّىٰ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مَّا كَسَبَتْ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ

And whoever defrauds shall bring with him the fruits of his fraud on the Day of Resurrection, when every human being shall be paid in full what he has earned, and shall not be wronged.

5:33

إِنَّمَا جَزَاءُ الَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيَسْعَوْنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَسَادًا أَن يُقَتَّلُوا أَوْ يُصَلَّبُوا أَوْ تُقَطَّعَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُم مِّنْ خِلَافٍ أَوْ يُنفَوْا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ

Those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and go about the land spreading mischief – indeed their recompense is that they either be done to death, or be crucified, or have their hands and feet be cut off from the opposite sides or they be banished from the land.

4:10

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوَالَ الْيَتَامَىٰ ظُلْمًا إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ نَارً

Behold, those who wrongfully devour the properties of orphans only fill their bellies with fire.

31:6

وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَن يَشْتَرِي لَهْوَ الْحَدِيثِ لِيُضِلَّ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَيَتَّخِذَهَا هُزُوًا ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُّهِينٌ

There are some human beings who purchase an enchanting diversion in order to lead people away from the path of Allah without having any knowledge, who hold the call to the Path of Allah to ridicule; a humiliating chastisement awaits them.

24:33

وَلَا تُكْرِهُوا فَتَيَاتِكُمْ عَلَى الْبِغَاءِ إِنْ أَرَدْنَ تَحَصُّنًا لِّتَبْتَغُوا عَرَضَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا

And do not compel your girls to prostitution for the sake of the benefits of worldly life.

17:32

وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنَا ۖ إِنَّهُ كَانَ فَاحِشَةً وَسَاءَ سَبِيلًا

Do not even approach fornication for it is an outrageous deed, and an evil way.

24:2

الزَّانِيَةُ وَالزَّانِي فَاجْلِدُوا كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِّنْهُمَا مِائَةَ جَلْدَةٍ

Those who fornicate – whether man or woman – flog each one of them with a hundred lashes.

5:90

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالْأَنصَابُ وَالْأَزْلَامُ رِجْسٌ مِّنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ

Believers! Intoxicants, games of chance, idolatrous sacrifices at altars and bolts for divination are all abominations, the handiwork of Satan; turn away wholly away from it that you may attain true success.

2:275

وَأَحَلَّ اللَّهُ الْبَيْعَ وَحَرَّمَ الرِّبَا

Allah has made buying and selling lawful, and interest unlawful.

2:278-279

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَذَرُوا مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الرِّبَا إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ

فَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلُوا فَأْذَنُوا بِحَرْبٍ مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ

Believers! Have fear of Allah and give up all outstanding interest if you do truly believe. But if you fail to do so, then be warned of war from Allah and His Messenger.

Through the Guidance of Law, the forbidden means of earning may be summed up as follows,

grabbing other people’s property without their consent or without paying them compensation, or occupying it with the owner’s consent and after paying compensation, but through deceitful means or fraud;

bribery;

extortion;

dishonesty in private and public funds;

burglary, robbery and theft;

abuse or misappropriation of an orphan’s property;

abuse of weights and measures;

trading in anything that spreads obscenity and indecency;

public debauchery;

income generated through prostitution and the sex trade;

the liquor industry, its trade, marketing and transportation;

betting and all those means through which one person’s wealth is transferred to another simply by chance or a twist of fate;

idol-making, selling idols or services rendered in idol-houses;

the professions of fortune-tellers and soothsayers;

usury and all forms of interest-based transactions, whether the rate of interest is large or small, and whether it has been imposed on personal loans, or commercial, industrial and agricultural credits.

Stinginess and Hoarding

While forbidding all these wrong means of earning a livelihood, the Holy Quran at the same time strongly condemns the accumulation of wealth, even if it is earned through lawful means, and rejects miserliness as an evil,

104:1-4

وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍ

الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ

يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ

كَلَّا ۖ لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ

Woe to every fault-finding backbiter; who amasses wealth and counts it over and again, he thinks that his wealth will render him forever-living. Nay, he shall be thrown into the hell-crusher.

9:34

وَالَّذِينَ يَكْنِزُونَ الذَّهَبَ وَالْفِضَّةَ وَلَا يُنفِقُونَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَبَشِّرْهُم بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ

And there are those who amass gold and silver and do not spend it in the Path of Allah. Announce to them the tiding of a painful chastisement.

64:16

وَمَن يُوقَ شُحَّ نَفْسِهِ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ

And whoever remains safe from his own greediness, it is such that will prosper.

3:180

وَلَا يَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ بِمَا آتَاهُمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ هُوَ خَيْرًا لَّهُم ۖ بَلْ هُوَ شَرٌّ لَّهُمْ ۖ سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مَا بَخِلُوا بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ۗ وَلِلَّهِ مِيرَاثُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ

Those who are greedy about what Allah has granted them out of His bounty think that stinginess is good for them; rather, it is bad for them. What they were greedy about will turn into a halter round their necks on the Day of Resurrection. To Allah belongs the inheritance of the heavens and the earth. Allah is well aware of what you do.

Craving money

The Quran also condemns a lust for power and wealth, the craving to pile up more and more worldly riches and taking pride in affluence and abundance. It tells people that these are among the greatest causes of mankind going astray and eventually facing Doom.

102:1-3

أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ

حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ الْمَقَابِرَ

كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ

The craving for ever-greater worldly gains and to excel others in that regard maintains you occupied, until you reach your graves. Nay, you will soon come to know.

28:58

وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِن قَرْيَةٍ بَطِرَتْ مَعِيشَتَهَا ۖ فَتِلْكَ مَسَاكِنُهُمْ لَمْ تُسْكَن مِّن بَعْدِهِمْ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا ۖ وَكُنَّا نَحْنُ الْوَارِثِينَ

And how many a town did We destroy whose inhabitants exulted on account of their affluence. These are their dwellings in which very few dwelt after them. Eventually it is We who inherited them.

34:34-35

وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا فِي قَرْيَةٍ مِّن نَّذِيرٍ إِلَّا قَالَ مُتْرَفُوهَا إِنَّا بِمَا أُرْسِلْتُم بِهِ كَافِرُونَ

وَقَالُوا نَحْنُ أَكْثَرُ أَمْوَالًا وَأَوْلَادًا وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُعَذَّبِينَ

We never sent a warner to any town but its wealthy ones said – we disbelieve in the Message you have brought. They always said: we have more wealth and children than you have, and we shall not be chastised.

Wasting

The Quran similarly condemns in strong terms anyone who squanders away the wealth he earned through lawful means in unlawful ventures, or who consumes it by living lavishly and with luxuries, as though he has no right use or purpose for his riches other than raising his living standards higher and higher.

6:141

وَلَا تُسْرِفُوا ۚ إِنَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُسْرِفِينَ

And do not exceed the proper limits, for He does not love those who exceed the proper limits.

17:26

وَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبَىٰ حَقَّهُ وَالْمِسْكِينَ وَابْنَ السَّبِيلِ وَلَا تُبَذِّرْ تَبْذِيرًا

Give to the near of kin his due, and also to the needy and the wayfarer. Do not squander your wealth wastefully.

7:31

وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا وَلَا تُسْرِفُوا ۚ إِنَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُسْرِفِينَ

And eat and drink without going to excesses. For Allah does not like those who go to excess.

The best course for man, according to the Holy Quran, is to uphold moderation in spending; himself, the members of his family and those entrusted to him have a right to his wealth, and he must not be stingy in discharging his obligations towards them. However, this does not mean that he should spend lavishly, but must remain mindful of his other social and religious obligations,

17:29

وَلَا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلَىٰ عُنُقِكَ وَلَا تَبْسُطْهَا كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ فَتَقْعُدَ مَلُومًا مَّحْسُورًا

Do not maintain your hand fastened to your neck nor outspread it, altogether outspread, for you will be left rebuked, destitute.

25:67

وَالَّذِينَ إِذَا أَنفَقُوا لَمْ يُسْرِفُوا وَلَمْ يَقْتُرُوا وَكَانَ بَيْنَ ذَٰلِكَ قَوَامًا

The true servants of the Merciful One are those who are neither extravagant nor greedy in their spending but keep the golden rule between.

28:77

وَابْتَغِ فِيمَا آتَاكَ اللَّهُ الدَّارَ الْآخِرَةَ ۖ وَلَا تَنسَ نَصِيبَكَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا ۖ وَأَحْسِن كَمَا أَحْسَنَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ ۖ وَلَا تَبْغِ الْفَسَادَ فِي الْأَرْضِ ۖ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُفْسِدِينَ

Seek by means of the wealth that Allah has granted you the Abode of the Hereafter, but forget not your part in this world and do good, as Allah has been good to you and do not strive to create mischief in the land, for Allah loves not who create mischief.

Correct way of spending money

The Book of God tells people that the money one saves, after that which is spent judiciously on one’s personal needs, should be used for godly purposes,

2:219

وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ مَاذَا يُنفِقُونَ قُلِ الْعَفْوَ

They ask, what should we spend in the Way of Allah? Say, whatever you can spare.

2:177

لَّيْسَ الْبِرَّ أَن تُوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ قِبَلَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَلَٰكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالْكِتَابِ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ وَآتَى الْمَالَ عَلَىٰ حُبِّهِ ذَوِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْيَتَامَىٰ وَالْمَسَاكِينَ وَابْنَ السَّبِيلِ وَالسَّائِلِينَ وَفِي الرِّقَابِ

Righteousness does not consist in turning your faces towards the east or towards the west; true righteousness consists in believing in Allah and the Last Day, the angels, the Book and the Prophets, and in giving away one’s property in love of Him to one’s kinsmen, the orphans, the poor and the wayfarer, and to those who ask for help and in freeing the necks of slaves.

3:92

لَن تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّىٰ تُنفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ ۚ وَمَا تُنفِقُوا مِن شَيْءٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ

You shall not attain righteousness until you spend (for the sake of Allah) out of what you cherish. Allah knows whether you spend.

4:36-38

وَاعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا ۖ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا وَبِذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْيَتَامَىٰ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْجَارِ ذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْجَارِ الْجُنُبِ وَالصَّاحِبِ بِالْجَنبِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ مَن كَانَ مُخْتَالًا فَخُورًا

الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ وَيَأْمُرُونَ النَّاسَ بِالْبُخْلِ وَيَكْتُمُونَ مَا آتَاهُمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ ۗ وَأَعْتَدْنَا لِلْكَافِرِينَ عَذَابًا مُّهِينًا

وَالَّذِينَ يُنفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ رِئَاءَ النَّاسِ وَلَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ۗ وَمَن يَكُنِ الشَّيْطَانُ لَهُ قَرِينًا فَسَاءَ قَرِينًا

Serve Allah and ascribe no partners to Him. Do good to your partners, to near of kin, to orphans, and to the needy, and to the neighbour who is of kin, and to the neighbour who is a stranger, and to the companion by your side, and to the wayfarer, and to those whom your right hand possess. Allah does not love the arrogant, and the boastful, who are greedy and bid others to be greedy and conceal the bounty which Allah has bestowed upon them. We have kept in readiness a humiliating chastisement for such deniers (of Allah’s bounty). Allah does not love those who spend out of their wealth to make a show of it to people when in fact they neither believe in Allah nor the Last Day.

2:273

لِلْفُقَرَاءِ الَّذِينَ أُحْصِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ ضَرْبًا فِي الْأَرْضِ يَحْسَبُهُمُ الْجَاهِلُ أَغْنِيَاءَ مِنَ التَّعَفُّفِ تَعْرِفُهُم بِسِيمَاهُمْ لَا يَسْأَلُونَ النَّاسَ إِلْحَافًا ۗ وَمَا تُنفِقُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ

Those needy ones who are entirely wrapped up in the cause of Allah, and who are hindered from moving about the earth in search of their livelihood, especially deserve help; he who is unaware of their circumstances supposes them to be wealthy because of their dignified bearing, but you will know them by their countenance, although they do not go about begging of people with importunity. Whatever wealth you spend on helping them, Allah will know of it.

76:8-9

وَيُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعَامَ عَلَىٰ حُبِّهِ مِسْكِينًا وَيَتِيمًا وَأَسِيرًا

إِنَّمَا نُطْعِمُكُمْ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ لَا نُرِيدُ مِنكُمْ جَزَاءً وَلَا شُكُورًا

Those who, for the love of Him, feed the needy and the orphan, and the captive, (saying), we feed you only for Allah’s sake, we do not seek of you any recompense or thanks.

70:24-25

وَالَّذِينَ فِي أَمْوَالِهِمْ حَقٌّ مَّعْلُومٌ

لِّلسَّائِلِ وَالْمَحْرُومِ

And those in whose wealth there is a known right for those that ask and those that are dispossessed.

24:33

وَالَّذِينَ يَبْتَغُونَ الْكِتَابَ مِمَّا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَكَاتِبُوهُمْ إِنْ عَلِمْتُمْ فِيهِمْ خَيْرًا ۖ وَآتُوهُم مِّن مَّالِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ

And write out a deed of manumission for such of your servants that wish their freedom in lieu of payment, if you see any good in them, and give them out of the wealth that Allah has given you.

2:195

وَأَنفِقُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَلَا تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ ۛ وَأَحْسِنُوا ۛ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُحْسِنِينَ

Spend in the Way of Allah and do not cast yourselves into destruction with your own hands; and do good, for Allah loves those who do good.